Chapter 3 (k:3) : Transport Services: Rail
Section	Improvements Implemented Since Last IAP	Current Entry Requirements	Further Improvements Planned
Operational Requirements		The Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) is responsible for the economic regulation of transportation undertakings which come under federal jurisdiction. The CTA has the powers, rights and privileges of a superior court. The Rail and Marine Branch of the Agency is composed of the following directorates: Rail Infrastructure; Rail Economics; and Rail and Marine Complaints and Audit Services. More information is available on the website of the CTA (http://www.cta-otc.gc.ca), the Transport Canada website (http://www.tc.gc.ca) and from the document entitled “Land Transportation Services”.
Licensing and Qualification Requirements of Service Providers		Railways under federal jurisdiction must have a certificate of fitness. The sole criterion for obtaining the certificate is demonstrating that adequate third party liability insurance is carried. More information is available on the website of the Agency (http://www.cta-otc.gc.ca), the Transport Canada website (http://www.tc.gc.ca) and from the document entitled “Land Transportation Services”.
Foreign Entry		Specific commitments are set out in Canada’s GATS schedule. Canada’s GATS commitments cover both passenger and freight services as well as maintenance and repair of rail transport equipment. The sole limitation is for provincial residency requirements for boards of directors of provincial railways (Manitoba and Newfoundland). These commitments apply only to the first three modes of delivery (i.e., cross border supply, consumption abroad, and supply via commercial presence). Canada has not undertaken any sector specific commitments on the provision of a transportation service through the temporary entry of natural persons.
Discriminatory Treatment/ MFN		No restriction beyond those covered under the category “Foreign Entry”.